Selective inhibition by grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts of cell adhesion molecule expression induced by advanced glycation end products in endothelial cells.
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 2006 August;48(2):47-53
Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) are the result of a chemicals chain reaction, starting with an initial glycation reaction, which is a non-enzymatic bonding of a sugar molecule to a protein or lipid. AGEs may be present in foods or formed inside the body through normal metabolism. Endothelial cells bear Receptors for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) that, when binding AGEs, can result in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, asthma, arthritis or diabetic vascular complications. AGEs stimulate cell adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells via induction of reactive oxygen species. Previous studies have shown that grape seed proanthocyanidins have radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Proanthocyanidins show significant cardiovascular protective action. The aim of this study was to investigate whether grape seed proanthocyanidins could inhibit expression of cell adhesion molecules, induced by RAGE. The researchers found that preincubation with grape seed proanthocyanidins significantly downregulated the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecules in a dose-dependant manner. They concluded that grape seed proanthocyanidins may have therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment of vascular complications in diabetic patients.
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