Black raspberries inhibit N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA)-induced angiogenesis in rat esophagus parallel to the suppression of COX-2 and iNOS.
Carcinogenesis. 2006 June 15
Tumors stimulate the formation of new blood vessel by releasing vascular endothelial growth factor. The prevention of the formation of new blood vessels (=angiogenesis) is an important strategy to fight cancer. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is critical to tumor growth and metastasis. The researchers found that feeding black raspberry extracts to rats inhibited esophagus tumor growth. They found that black raspberry extract significantly suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor expression and decreased tumor microvessel density. The study concluded that black raspberry extract may have therapeutic affects in treating esophageal cancer.
Identification of cyanidin glycosides as constituents of freeze-dried black raspberries which inhibit anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide induced NFkappaB and AP-1 activity.
Carcinogenesis. 2006 March 7
Previous studies have shown that black raspberries can inhibit esophagus cancer formation induced by the carcinogen N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemicals which are responsible for this anti-carcinogenic action. Freeze-dried black raspberries were separated in different fractions. Mouse epidermal cell were treated with these raspberry fractions and the activity of NFkappaB and activator protein 1 (AP-1)-luciferase reporter were measured. Both the ethanol and water extracts had inhibitory action. The most active sub-fractions contained cyaniding glycosides. The study concluded that cyanidin glycosides in black raspberries are phytochemicals with potential chemopreventive activity.
Chemopreventive properties of black raspberries in N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced rat esophageal tumorigenesis: down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and c-Jun.
Cancer Research. 2006 March 1;66(5):2853-9
The aim of this study was determine the chemopreventive activity of black raspberries on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Rats were treated with the carcinogen N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine during a period of 5 weeks. After this period the rats were fed with a synthetic diet containing 5 percent black raspberries during another 25 weeks. During this period the esophageal tissues of the rats were collected and analyzed. After the 25 weeks on the diet the rats fed with the raspberry diet showed 40 percent fewer tumors that rats on the control diet. The black raspberries inhibition of COX-2, iNOS, and c-Jun activity.
Inhibition of the growth of premalignant and malignant human oral cell lines by extracts and components of black raspberries.
Nutrition and Cancer. 2005;51(2):207-17
Previous animal studies have shown that black raspberries contain chemopreventive phytochemicals which inhibit the development of several cancers. The molecular mechanisms of this chemopreventive action are still unclear. The researchers found that the two phytochemicals ferulic acid and beta-sitosterol and an alcohol extract inhibited the growth of epithelial cancer cells but not normal epithelial cells. Elagic acid and a extract with a mixture of CH2CL and ethanol inhibited the growth of the growth of epithelial cancer cells but also inhibited normal cells. The study concluded that inhibitory effects of black raspberries on cancer cells may reside in specific phytochemicals that influence signaling pathways which regulating cell cycle progression.
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