Antioxidant polyphenols in almond and its coproducts.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2006 January 25;54(2):312-8
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of phytochemicals extracted from different defatted almonds, almond skin and hulls. Their antioxidant activity was determined with following methods: inhibition of oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, inhibition of DNA scission and metal ion chelation. Extracts made from the almond skins and hulls contained about ten times higher concentrations of polyphenols. All extracts showed a inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation but the almond skin extract showed the strongest inhibition. Extracts from the hulls were 2 times more active in arresting the peroxyl radical-induced DNA scission. All extracts showed excellent chelation of metal ions. The major phytochemicals found in the extracts were quercetin, isorhamnetin, quercitrin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside and morin.
Antioxidant constituents of almond hulls.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2003 Jan 15;51(2):496-501
For this study methanol extracts were made from almond hulls and identified with HPLC. The following phytochemicals were identified: chlorogenic acid, ryptochlorogenic acid, and neochlorogenic acid. The antioxidant capacity of this almond hull extract was determined with the methyl linolate oxidation method. Almond extract showed higher antioxidant capacity than vitamin E at equivalent concentrations. At higher concentrations the almond hull extract showed even higher antioxidant properties, similar to chlorogenic acid and morin. The study concluded that almond hulls are a potential source of dietary antioxidants.
Identification of three triterpenoids in almond hulls.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2000 August;48(8):3437-9
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of triterpenoids in almond hulls. Triterpenoids are claimed to have anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV and anti-cancer activities. The following triterpenoids were found: betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. They were extracted as their methyl esters after reaction with diazomethane. The triterpenoids represent 1 percent of the almond hulls. The study concluded that almond hulls are a rich source of triterpenoids.
|
